Plastic composition and process of making the same.



s'r'rns A ENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. SKINNER, or WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AssrsN on TO WEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. SKINNER,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident ofWilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Plastic Compositions and Processes of Making the Same,

. of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to plastic compositions and it has for one of its objects to provide a molding material which shall be composed of inexpensive ingredients and from which durable and heat-resistant molded objects may be easily and quickly formed.

Another object of my invention is to provide a process of preparing molded and impregnated cement articles whereby an impregnating agent may be thoroughly incorporated in the cement mixture, preparatory to molding, without impairing the setting properties of the cement.

The composition to which my present invention relates is composed, in general, of an inorganic cement such as Portland cement, a fibrous binder such as asbestos and a resinous ingredient such as the resins obtained in coal-tar distillation and consisting mainly of cumaron, indene and their isomers, particularly paracumaron and paraindene. Suitable 'inert fillers such as barytes may be added to the three essential ingredients mentioned, and the specific ingredients, as well as their proportions, may be-widely'varied in accordance with the requirements of special cases. In fact, any fusible moisture proofing material capable of being reduced to a powder will be satisfactory.

Many attempts have been made to produce waterproof cement compositions by the addition of oily substances to-Portland cement, but such additions have, not been satisfactory as a rule because the presence of oily material in a cement mixture very seriously retards the setting of the cement and weakens. the'product. One of the functions of the resinous ingredient in my molding compositions is to render the final product waterproof to a greater or less degree, and I prevent the resin from acting'upon the cement to retard its setting in the manner of an oily Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 8, 1917. Serial No. 173,478.

Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

waterproofing agent by mixlng the resin with the cement in unfused and powdered condition. the resinous material acting simply as a filler until the cement is set. The material is then heated to a temperature above the fusing point of the resin whereby the resin melts and thoroughly permeates the mixture.

The resinous ingredient of my molding mixtures may be present in widely varying proportions. \Vhen it is desired to produce a mixture having maximum resistance to moisture. the resin may constitute 20% orv more of the mixture, while if it is desired to produce a mixture which is'highly resistant to heat but which need not be particularly resistant to moisture, the proportion of the resin may be reduced to as little as 5% or even less. The cement ingredient may constitute about 40 to 45% of the mixture, the asbestos or other fibrous filler from 30 to 40% and the inert powdered filler, if present at all, may be added in quantities upto 10 or 15%. A suitable molding mixture having high resistance to moisture may consist of the following ingredients, in substantially the proportions indicated:

Another mixture, which is highly resistant to heat, may consist of the following ingredients:

Cumaron resin 5% Portland cement- -1 4.5% Asbestos 40% Barytes 10% These examples are to be understood as being merely illustrative of my invention, since the proportions and materials are capable of wide variations. The resins, cement and filler are mixed, in the form of fine powders, with the asbestos fibers, and suflicient water is added to produce a mold ing mixture of the proper consistency. The material is then molded intoany desired shape withnn'r. the annlication ,of heat and 'Cumaron resin 20% Portland cement 40% Asbestos 30% Barytes 10% expensive than hot molding operations.

articles where mec anical strength, toughe I ance blocks, face plates for resistance frames posite material commercially known as ebp which my invention is capable, I desire that no limitations shall be imposed thereon exone material contaming a cumaron resin.

vapor oven. Under these conditions, the

comprising a cement, a finely divided resinous material and a fibrous material. im

it is permitted to set, suitably by immersing 4. A composition suitable for molding and themoldedarticles in cold'water for severa capable of emg mixed cold and dry 'com- 3 days. Articles of this material will set, howprising an inorganic cement, a reslnous maever, in fairly warm water or in a steam 'terial and a fibrous material.

5. A composition suitable for molding and cement'setsin about the, same manner. as capable of being mixed cold and dry com: when no resin is present, the resin acting 01K prising Portland cement, a resinous material the time as a filler, so far'as the setting of anda fibrous material. the cement is concerned." The articles are 6. A composition suitable for molding and then heatedto about t in comprising Portland cement, a resinous mafuses and renders the articles. substantially t i l t i i um ron resin, and a impervious to moisture. fibrous material.

Molding mixtures prepared in the manner 7. A composition suitable for molding and described above may be substituted in many able of being mixed cold and dry comcases for hot'molding materials, with a conprising an inorganic cement, a resinous masequent saving in the cost of production, t -1 ,1 d b td since cold molding-operations are much less 8, A omposition suitable for molding and capable of bein mixed cold and dry com- 9 prising Portlan cement, a, resinous material many kinds of IIlOldOd. and asbgsflqs, 1 9. A composition suitable for molding and 1165s v reslstancfi 0 9 5 molsture and comprising Portland cement, aresinous maheat are desirable P P 111 h terial containing a cumaron resin, and asbestrical arts, for example, these materials are {30s, 1 well adapted o' h manufacture. of resist- 1O. A composition suitable for molding and comprising Portland cement, a resinous material contamin a cumaron resin, asbes- The materials herein described may utilizedJfor m 85 and all sorts of heat-resisting plates as well as to the manufactureof cap and cone in tog d an in rt fil er,

sulators for trolley lines and other forms of 11, A iti uitabl for molding insulators The mater ls ma e acp ng and comprising Portland cement, ajresin'ous t my p s are Somewhat Slmllal In their material containing a cumaron resin,- asbescomposition and characteristics to the dom t' 'g d barytes, I

12; A'plastic composition containing the ony asbestos lumber, but are mechamc lly. following ingredients in substantially the stronger than the asbestos lumber. proportions indicated: In the subjoined.'claiins the term cuma- P 1 d 40 ron resin, is intended to be a generic term 9 an P- -"-r -?-r*- to Partscovering the resins which-areobtained in the esmous con mung 5 2 distillation of coal taran'd which contain at qg 0 W 8 P S- least one of a group of substances including i gf f' f c to 10 r cuniaron,-indene, paracumaron, paraindene nert er and the other isomers of cumaron' and 13. The method of preparing impregnated I indene. It is to be understood that my 1nt. articles that comprises mixmg'a dry cemenvention is not 0 the 11 Of these titious material and a dry fusible impregnat Specific -r coal 3 Pltch and ing material, formin the'mixture into the 1 nish resins may be substltuted for them if gh e f th d i a ti l a d lying desired -M T951115, however, e s11 cientheat to fuse the said impregnating expensive and well adaptedto my purpose material. and I therefore prefer at present to make use of these resins in preparing my moldin mixtures. In view of the wide variations 0 14. The method of preparing impregnated impregnating material with. a dry cement that is adapted toh'arden in the presence of water,- wetting the mixture, forming the lpt such as are'mdicated 1n the appended i t i t th shape of the desired artie alms. 1

I claim as my invention: p 1. A composition suitable for said impregnating material; a

15.' The method of preparing impre ated articles that comprises mixing a dry, sible pregnating material with a ,dry cement 2. compositlon suitable for molding and that is adapted to harden in the presence of comprising an inorganic cement and a resinwater, wettin I the, mixture, forming the mixture into t e shape of the desiredarti- 3. A composition suitable for molding and cles, and-applying suflicient heat, after the comprislng Portland cement and a resmous cement has set, to fuse the said impregnating material containing acumaron resin material.

molding and articles that comprises mixing a dry, fusible 11.5

- cles, and"applying suificient heat to fuse the 2 16. The method of preparing impregnated applying suflicient heart, after the cement has articles that comprises mixing fusible, resin set, to-fuse the said resinous material;

ous material, in dry, powdered form, with Intestimony' whereof, I have hereunto 1.0

dry Portland cement, wetting the mixture subscribed my name this 31st day of May sufficiently to produce a mixture ofproper 1917-. I 7 molding consistency, molding the mixture v v into the shape of the desired articles, and r CHARLES E. SKINNER. 

